Keystone+Biology+Anchors


 * __ASSESSMENT ANCHOR: BIO.A.1 Basic Biological Principles __**
 * Anchor Descriptor/ Eligible Content **
 * BIO.A.1.1 **Explain the characteristics common to all organisms.
 * BIO.A.1.1.1 **Describe the characteristics of life shared by all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.


 * Anchor Descriptor /Eligible Content **
 * BIO.A.1.2 **Describe relationships between structure and function at biological levels of organization.
 * BIO.A.1.2.1 **Compare cellular structures and their functions in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
 * BIO.A.1.2.2 **Describe and interpret relationships between structure and function at various levels of biological organization (i.e., organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and multicellular organisms).

(e.g., freezing point, high specific heat, cohesion).
 * __ASSESSMENT ANCHOR: BIO.A.2 The Chemical Basis for Life __**
 * Anchor Descriptor/ Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.2.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe how the unique properties of water support life on Earth.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.2.1.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe the unique properties of water and how these properties support life on Earth

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">organisms.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor /Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.2.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe and interpret relationships between structure and function at various levels of biochemical organization (i.e., atoms, molecules, and macromolecules).
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.2.2.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explain how carbon is uniquely suited to form biological macromolecules.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.2.2.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe how biological macromolecules form from monomers.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.2.2.3 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Compare the structure and function of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids in


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor /Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.2.3 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explain how enzymes regulate biochemical reactions within a cell.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.2.3.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe the role of an enzyme as a catalyst in regulating a specific biochemical reaction.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.2.3.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explain how factors such as pH, temperature, and concentration levels can affect enzyme f <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">unction

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">transformations.
 * __<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16pt;">ASSESSMENT ANCHOR: BIO.A.3 Bioenergetics __**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor /Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.3.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Identify and describe the cell structures involved in processing energy.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.3.1.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe the fundamental roles of plastids (e.g., chloroplasts) and mitochondria in energy


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor /Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.3.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Identify and describe how organisms obtain and transform energy for their life processes.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.3.2.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Compare the basic transformation of energy during photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.3.2.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe the role of ATP in biochemical reactions.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">
 * __<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16pt;">ASSESSMENT ANCHOR: BIO.A.4 Homeostasis and Transport __**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor/ Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.4.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Identify and describe the cell structures involved in transport of materials into, out of, and throughout a cell.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.4.1.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe how the structure of the plasma membrane allows it to function as a regulatory structure and/or protective barrier for a cell.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.4.1.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Compare the mechanisms that transport materials across the plasma membrane (i.e., passive transport—diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion; and active transport—pumps, endocytosis, exocytosis).
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.4.1.3 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe how membrane ‐ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">bound cellular organelles (e.g., endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus) facilitate the transport of materials within a cell.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor /Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.4.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explain mechanisms that permit organisms to maintain biological balance between their internal and external environments.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.A.4.2.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explain how organisms maintain homeostasis (e.g., thermoregulation, water regulation, oxygen regulation).
 * <span style="background-color: yellow; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Pull examples from kingdoms (paramecium <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">) **


 * __<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16pt;">ASSESSMENT ANCHOR: BIO.B.1 Cell Growth and Reproduction __**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor /Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.1.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe the three stages of the cell cycle: interphase, nuclear division, cytokinesis.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.1.1.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe the events that occur during the cell cycle: interphase, nuclear division (i.e., mitosis or meiosis), cytokinesis.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.1.1.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Compare the processes and outcomes of mitotic and meiotic nuclear divisions.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor /Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.1.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explain how genetic information is inherited.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.1.2.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe how the process of DNA replication results in the transmission and/or conservation of genetic information.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.1.2.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explain the functional relationships between DNA, genes, alleles, and chromosomes and their roles in inheritance.


 * __<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16pt;">ASSESSMENT ANCHOR: BIO.B.2 Genetics __**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor /Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.2.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Compare Mendelian and non ‐ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mendelian patterns of inheritance.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.2.1.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe and/or predict observed patterns of inheritance (i.e., dominant, recessive, co ‐ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">dominance, incomplete dominance, sex ‐ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">linked, polygenic, and multiple alleles).
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.2.1.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe processes that can alter composition or number of chromosomes (i.e., crossing ‐ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">over, nondisjunction, duplication, translocation, deletion, insertion, and inversion).


 * __<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16pt;">ASSESSMENT ANCHOR: BIO.B.2 Genetics (cont’d) __**


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor /Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.2.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explain the process of protein synthesis (i.e., transcription, translation, and protein modification).
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.2.2.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe how the processes of transcription and translation are similar in all organisms
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.2.2.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe the role of ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and the nucleus in the production of specific types of proteins.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor /Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.2.3 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explain how genetic information is expressed.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.2.3.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe how genetic mutations alter the DNA sequence and may or may not affect phenotype (e.g., silent, nonsense, frame ‐ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">shift).


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor/ Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.2.4 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Apply scientific thinking, processes, tools, and technologies in the study of genetics.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.2.4.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explain how genetic engineering has impacted the fields of medicine, forensics, and agriculture (e.g., selective breeding, gene splicing, cloning, genetically modified organisms, gene therapy).


 * __<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16pt;">ASSESSMENT ANCHOR: BIO.B.3 Theory of Evolution __**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor/ Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.3.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explain the mechanisms of evolution.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.3.1.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explain how natural selection can impact allele frequencies of a population.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.3.1.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe the factors that can contribute to the development of new species (e.g., isolating mechanisms, genetic drift, founder effect, migration).
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.3.1.3 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Explain how genetic mutations may result in genotypic and phenotypic variations within a population.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor/ Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.3.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Analyze the sources of evidence for biological evolution.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.3.2.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Interpret evidence supporting the theory of evolution (i.e., fossil, anatomical, physiological, embryological, biochemical, and universal genetic code).


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor/ Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.3.3 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Apply scientific thinking, processes, tools, and technologies in the study of the theory of evolution.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.3.3.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Distinguish between the scientific terms: hypothesis, inference, law, theory, principle, fact, and observation.


 * __<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16pt;">ASSESSMENT ANCHOR: BIO.B.4 Ecology __**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor /Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.4.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe ecological levels of organization in the biosphere.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.4.1.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe the levels of ecological organization (i.e., organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, and biosphere).
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.4.1.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe characteristic biotic and abiotic components of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Anchor Descriptor/ Eligible Content **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.4.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe interactions and relationships in an ecosystem.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.4.2.1 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe how energy flows through an ecosystem (e.g., food chains, food webs, energy pyramids).
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.4.2.2 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe biotic interactions in an ecosystem (e.g., competition, predation, symbiosis).
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.4.2.3 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe how matter recycles through an ecosystem (i.e., water cycle, carbon cycle, oxygen cycle, and nitrogen cycle).
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.4.2.4 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe how ecosystems change in response to natural and human disturbances (e.g., climate changes, introduction of nonnative species, pollution, fires).


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BIO.B.4.2.5 **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Describe the effects of limiting factors on population dynamics and potential species extinction.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">*Classification Ch 14 **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">*Kingdom Introduction Ch 19 **